RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Improving the water solubility of hydrophobic drugs, increasing their accumulation in tumor tissue and allowing their simultaneous action by different pathways are essential issues for a successful chemotherapeutic activity in cancer treatment. Considering potential clinical application in the future, it will be promising to achieve such purposes by developing new biocompatible hybrid nanocarriers with multimodal therapeutic activity. RESULTS: We designed and characterised a hybrid nanocarrier based on human serum albumin/chitosan nanoparticles (HSA/chitosan NPs) able to encapsulate free docetaxel (DTX) and doxorubicin-modified gold nanorods (DOXO-GNRs) to simultaneously exploit the complementary chemotherapeutic activities of both antineoplasic compounds together with the plasmonic optical properties of the embedded GNRs for plasmonic-based photothermal therapy (PPTT). DOXO was assembled onto GNR surfaces following a layer-by-layer (LbL) coating strategy, which allowed to partially control its release quasi-independently release regarding DTX under the use of near infrared (NIR)-light laser stimulation of GNRs. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments using triple negative breast MDA-MB-231 cancer cells showed that the developed dual drug encapsulation approach produces a strong synergistic toxic effect to tumoral cells compared to the administration of the combined free drugs; additionally, PPTT enhances the cytostatic efficacy allowing cell toxicities close to 90% after a single low irradiation dose and keeping apoptosis as the main cell death mechanism. CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrates that by means of a rational design, a single hybrid nanoconstruct can simultaneously supply complementary therapeutic strategies to treat tumors and, in particular, metastatic breast cancers with good results making use of its stimuli-responsiveness as well as its inherent physico-chemical properties.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Docetaxel/administração & dosagem , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Nanocápsulas/química , Albumina Sérica Humana/química , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/terapia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Preparações de Ação Retardada/química , Docetaxel/farmacologia , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Ouro/química , Humanos , Hipertermia Induzida , Luz , Nanotubos/química , Fotoquimioterapia , FototerapiaRESUMO
Introducción: El uso de la punción-aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF) junto con la citometría de flujo (CMF) constituye una alternativa diagnóstica frente a la biopsia. Objetivos: Se compara la eficacia diagnóstica de la citología más CMF en enfermedades linfoproliferativas y se calcula el coste de la PAAF frente a la biopsia. Resultados: La sensibilidad de la CCF es del 96 por ciento en procesos reactivos y la especificidad del 97 por ciento. En el diagnóstico de los linfomas no Hodgkin, teniendo en cuenta el tipo, la sensibilidad es del 89 por ciento, la especificidad del 100 por ciento y la eficacia del 95 por ciento. La citología unida a la CMF resulta cuatro veces más barata que la biopsia. Conclusiones: Las técnicas de CMF e inmunocitoquímica para aplicar a las PAAF son aconsejables en determinados casos por su rapidez, economía, menor morbilidad y menores molestias para el paciente. Otra perspectiva a considerar es la aplicación de técnicas de biología molecular (AU)
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Biópsia por Agulha , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , Biologia Molecular/métodos , Gânglios/citologia , Gânglios , Gânglios/ultraestrutura , Gânglios/patologia , Linfonodos/fisiopatologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão/métodos , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Citometria de Fluxo , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Linfoma/patologia , Linfoma/economia , Linfoma não Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/patologia , Linfoma não Hodgkin , Linfoma não Hodgkin/ultraestrutura , Linfoma não Hodgkin/economia , Biópsia/métodos , Biópsia , Anticorpos/análise , Anticorpos , Antígenos CD19 , Complexo CD3 , Antígenos CD4 , Antígenos CD8 , Antígenos CD20 , Antígenos CD5 , Receptores de IgE/análise , Antígeno CD56/análise , Receptores de IgG/análise , Antígenos CD7 , Antígenos CD2 , Receptores de Interleucina-2/análise , Neprilisina , Indicadores e Reagentes/análiseRESUMO
Molluscum contagiosum is a skin lesion caused by a poxviridae virus. Infection in children takes place through cutaneous contact while in adults results from sexual contact or under immunosuppression conditions. In immunosuppressed patients this infection is caused by opportunistic microorganisms and, basically, its appears when CD4 levels reach a certain decline, therefore its presence can be considered as a marker for poor prognosis or advanced stage of the disease.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Molusco Contagioso , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Molusco Contagioso/diagnósticoRESUMO
Primary prostatic carcinoma accounts for 2% to 4.5% of all neoplasias to this organ, and it has been observed in 2.8% of all radical cystoprostatectomies performed in the Mayo clinic. It originates in the poorly differentiated reservoir cells of the prostatic periurethral ductus which explains why diagnosis is most often obtained in advanced stages (stromal involvement), thus limiting its management to radical surgery. This paper contributes one case report of a patient diagnosed by transrectal biopsy of a primary prostatic transitional carcinoma presenting with incoercible rectorrahges and urinary obstruction symptoms. Treatment was through pelvic exenteration, and urinary and gut by-pass.
